世界のプライバシー規制

Requires consent as the primary legal basis, limits cross-border data transfer unless approved under regulatory standards, mandates registration with SDAIA, requires data breach notification within strict timelines, and recognizes standard data subject rights.

Requires databases to be registered with the AAIP. Prior consent is mandatory for processing. Strictly limits international transfers to countries without adequate protection (similar to EU adequacy concept). Grants standard access/rectification/deletion rights.

13 principles governing the management of personal info. Includes obligations to have clear privacy policies, giving users anonymity/pseudonymity options where possible, strict limits on direct marketing, accountability for cross-border disclosures, and right to correct records.

Requires 10 legal bases for processing (similar to GDPR, including consent and legitimate interest). Mandates a Data Protection Officer (Encarregado), clear rights to access/delete/port data, mandatory security incident notification to ANPD, and strict administrative fines.

Governed by 10 Fair Information Principles: Accountability, Identifying Purposes, Consent, Limiting Collection, Limiting Use/Disclosure/Retention, Accuracy, Safeguards, Openness, Individual Access, and Challenging Compliance. Requires mandatory breach reporting.

Strict consent requirements, rules for cross-border data transfer including security assessments by the CAC, data localization for critical infrastructure, right to opt-out of automated decision-making (algorithms), and severe penalties for non-compliance (up to 5% of annual turnover).

One of the world's strictest privacy laws. Requires separate consent for different purposes, bans processing of unique identification numbers (like Resident Registration Numbers) unless authorized by law, mandates a Privacy Officer, and enforces severe criminal penalties.

Applies to controllers and processors in the UAE or processing UAE citizens' data. Focuses on consent-based processing, data controller/processor obligations, rights to access/rectify/erase, and cross-border transfer requirements overseen by the UAE Data Office.

Applies principles of transparency, legitimate purpose, and proportionality. Mandates security measures, DPO designation, notification of data breaches within 72 hours, rights to access/correct/object, and registration with the National Privacy Commission (NPC).

Requires consent for third-party data transfers (unless opt-out system is registered with PPC), strict definitions of sensitive personal info, rules for handling pseudonymized/anonymized information, and rules for international data transfers requiring equivalent protection systems.

Applies to digital personal data. Mandates clear, itemized notice and consent, defines 'Data Fiduciary' and 'Data Principal', strict rules on processing kids' data (verifiable parental consent, no tracking), right to correct/erase, and significant fines handled by DPBI.

Applies to private entities. Establishes principles of legality, consent, information, quality, purpose, loyalty, proportionality, and accountability. Recognizes ARCO rights (Access, Rectification, Cancellation, Opposition) and requires a detailed Privacy Notice (Aviso de Privacidad).

13 Information Privacy Principles (IPPs) governing the lifecycle of personal info. Includes mandatory reporting of privacy breaches causing serious harm, cross-border disclosure limits (IPP 12), compliance notices issued by the Commissioner, and class action options.

Parallel to EU GDPR post-Brexit. Emphasizes individual rights, data controller accountability, mandatory DPO for public bodies, strict conditions for processing criminal offense data, child consent age set at 13 (different from EU default), and oversight by the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO).

Strict data localization mandate: databases storing personal data of Russian citizens must be physically located within the Russian Federation. Requires explicit written consent in many cases and formal registration with Roskomnadzor as a data operator.

11 obligations: Consent, Purpose Limitation, Notification, Access/Correction, Accuracy, Protection, Retention Limitation, Transfer Limitation, Data Breach Notification (within 3 calendar days for severe breaches), Data Portability, and Accountability.

8 conditions for lawful processing: Accountability, Processing Limitation, Purpose Specification, Further Processing Limitation, Information Quality, Openness, Security Safeguards, and Data Subject Participation. Requires registration of Information Officers.

Aligns Swiss law with GDPR. Introduces 'privacy by design and by default', mandatory DPIAs for high-risk processing, duty to notify security breaches to FDPIC, and strict criminal penalties (fines up to CHF 250,000) targetable directly at responsible individuals.

Based closely on GDPR. Requires legal bases for processing, explicit consent, DPO appointment under certain conditions, record-keeping of processing activities, strict controls over international transfers, and civil/criminal liability for data controllers.

Requires explicit consent unless specific exceptions apply. Strict rules for transferring data abroad (requires safe country list or board approval), mandatory registration in the Data Controllers Registry (VERBİS), and hefty administrative fines for violation of security obligations.

Right to know what personal info is collected, right to delete, right to opt-out of the sale or sharing of personal info (via explicit 'Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Info' link), non-discrimination for exercising rights, and higher standards of protection for minors (opt-in required for sharing info of users under 16).

Focus on explicit consent, right to access, right to rectification, right to erase (forgetting), data portability, data minimization, purpose limitation, mandatory data breach notification within 72 hours, data protection impact assessments (DPIA), and restrictions on international transfers outside the EEA without adequacy decisions.